diff --git a/src/CMakeLists.txt b/src/CMakeLists.txt
index 037898ed9..36c728d40 100644
--- a/src/CMakeLists.txt
+++ b/src/CMakeLists.txt
@@ -180,6 +180,7 @@ target_link_libraries(eressea
 )
 
 set(TESTS_SRC
+  monsters.test.c
   donations.test.c
   wormhole.test.c
   alchemy.test.c
diff --git a/src/monsters.c b/src/monsters.c
index 3474c6b45..74321a2ea 100644
--- a/src/monsters.c
+++ b/src/monsters.c
@@ -789,7 +789,7 @@ void plan_monsters(faction * f)
                 setstatus(u, ST_FIGHT);
                 /* all monsters fight */
             }
-            if (attacking && is_guard(u, GUARD_TAX)) {
+            if (attacking && (!r->land || is_guard(u, GUARD_TAX))) {
                 monster_attacks(u);
             }
             /* units with a plan to kill get ATTACK orders: */
diff --git a/src/monsters.test.c b/src/monsters.test.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..aba9d9c4d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/monsters.test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+#include <platform.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+
+#include <kernel/config.h>
+#include <kernel/faction.h>
+#include <kernel/item.h>
+#include <kernel/order.h>
+#include <kernel/race.h>
+#include <kernel/region.h>
+#include <kernel/terrain.h>
+#include <kernel/unit.h>
+
+#include "monster.h"
+#include "guard.h"
+#include "skill.h"
+
+#include <util/language.h>
+
+#include <CuTest.h>
+#include <tests.h>
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+extern void plan_monsters(struct faction *f);
+
+static void init_language(void)
+{
+    struct locale* lang;
+    int i;
+
+    lang = get_or_create_locale("de");
+    locale_setstring(lang, "skill::unarmed", "Waffenloser Kampf");
+    locale_setstring(lang, "keyword::attack", "ATTACKIERE");
+    locale_setstring(lang, "keyword::study", "LERNE");
+    locale_setstring(lang, "keyword::tax", "TREIBE");
+    locale_setstring(lang, "keyword::loot", "PLUENDERE");
+    locale_setstring(lang, "keyword::piracy", "PIRATERIE");
+    locale_setstring(lang, "keyword::guard", "BEWACHE");
+    locale_setstring(lang, "keyword::move", "NACH");
+    locale_setstring(lang, "keyword::message", "BOTSCHAFT");
+    locale_setstring(lang, "REGION", "REGION");
+    locale_setstring(lang, "east", "O");
+
+    for (i = 0; i < MAXKEYWORDS; ++i) {
+        if (!locale_getstring(lang, mkname("keyword", keywords[i])))
+            locale_setstring(lang, mkname("keyword", keywords[i]), keywords[i]);
+    }
+    for (i = 0; i < MAXSKILLS; ++i) {
+        if (!locale_getstring(lang, mkname("skill", skillnames[i])))
+            locale_setstring(lang, mkname("skill", skillnames[i]), skillnames[i]);
+    }
+    init_keywords(lang);
+    init_skills(lang);
+}
+
+static order *find_order(const char *expected, const unit *unit)
+{
+    char cmd[32];
+    order *order;
+    for (order = unit->orders; order; order = order->next) {
+        if (strcmp(expected, get_command(order, cmd, sizeof(cmd))) == 0) {
+            return order;
+        }
+    }
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+static void create_monsters(faction **player, faction **monsters, region **r, unit **u, unit **m) {
+    race* rc;
+
+    test_cleanup();
+
+    init_language();
+
+    test_create_world();
+    *player = test_create_faction(NULL);
+    *monsters = get_or_create_monsters();
+    assert(rc_find((*monsters)->race->_name));
+    rc = rc_get_or_create((*monsters)->race->_name);
+    fset(rc, RCF_UNARMEDGUARD);
+    fset(rc, RCF_NPC);
+    fset(*monsters, FFL_NOIDLEOUT);
+    assert(fval(*monsters, FFL_NPC) && fval((*monsters)->race, RCF_UNARMEDGUARD) && fval((*monsters)->race, RCF_NPC) && fval(*monsters, FFL_NOIDLEOUT));
+    (*monsters)->locale = default_locale;
+
+    *r = findregion(0, 0);
+
+    *u = test_create_unit(*player, *r);
+    unit_setid(*u, 1);
+    *m = test_create_unit(*monsters, *r);
+}
+
+static void test_monsters_attack(CuTest * tc)
+{
+    faction *f, *f2;
+    region *r;
+    unit *u, *m;
+
+    create_monsters(&f, &f2, &r, &u, &m);
+
+    guard(m, GUARD_TAX);
+
+    set_param(&global.parameters, "rules.monsters.attack_chance", "1");
+
+    plan_monsters(f2);
+
+    CuAssertPtrNotNull(tc, find_order("ATTACKIERE 1", m));
+    test_cleanup();
+}
+
+static void test_monsters_attack_ocean(CuTest * tc)
+{
+    faction *f, *f2;
+    region *r;
+    unit *u, *m;
+
+    create_monsters(&f, &f2, &r, &u, &m);
+    r = findregion(-1, 0);
+    u = test_create_unit(u->faction, r);
+    unit_setid(u, 2);
+    m = test_create_unit(m->faction, r);
+    assert(!m->region->land);
+
+    set_param(&global.parameters, "rules.monsters.attack_chance", "1");
+
+    plan_monsters(f2);
+
+    CuAssertPtrNotNull(tc, find_order("ATTACKIERE 2", m));
+    test_cleanup();
+}
+
+extern int monster_attacks(unit * monster, bool respect_buildings, bool rich_only);
+
+static void test_monsters_waiting(CuTest * tc)
+{
+    faction *f, *f2;
+    region *r;
+    unit *u, *m;
+
+    create_monsters(&f, &f2, &r, &u, &m);
+    guard(m, GUARD_TAX);
+    fset(m, UFL_ISNEW);
+    // FIXME: monster_attacks(m, false, false);
+    CuAssertPtrEquals(tc, 0, find_order("ATTACKIERE 1", m));
+    test_cleanup();
+}
+
+static void test_seaserpent_piracy(CuTest * tc)
+{
+    faction *f, *f2;
+    region *r;
+    unit *u, *m;
+    race *rc;
+
+    create_monsters(&f, &f2, &r, &u, &m);
+    r = findregion(-1, 0);
+    u = test_create_unit(u->faction, r);
+    unit_setid(u, 2);
+    m = test_create_unit(m->faction, r);
+    u_setrace(m, rc = test_create_race("seaserpent"));
+    assert(!m->region->land);
+    fset(m, UFL_MOVED);
+    // fset(rc, RCF_ATTACK_MOVED);
+
+    set_param(&global.parameters, "rules.monsters.attack_chance", "1");
+
+    plan_monsters(f2);
+
+    CuAssertPtrNotNull(tc, find_order("PIRATERIE", m));
+    CuAssertPtrNotNull(tc, find_order("ATTACKIERE 2", m));
+    test_cleanup();
+}
+
+static void test_monsters_attack_not(CuTest * tc)
+{
+    faction *f, *f2;
+    region *r;
+    unit *u, *m;
+
+    create_monsters(&f, &f2, &r, &u, &m);
+
+    guard(m, GUARD_TAX);
+    guard(u, GUARD_TAX);
+
+    set_param(&global.parameters, "rules.monsters.attack_chance", "0");
+
+    plan_monsters(f2);
+
+    CuAssertPtrEquals(tc, 0, find_order("ATTACKIERE 1", m));
+    test_cleanup();
+}
+
+static void test_dragon_attacks_the_rich(CuTest * tc)
+{
+    faction *f, *f2;
+    region *r;
+    unit *u, *m;
+    const item_type *i_silver;
+
+    init_language();
+    create_monsters(&f, &f2, &r, &u, &m);
+
+    guard(m, GUARD_TAX);
+    set_level(m, SK_WEAPONLESS, 10);
+
+    rsetmoney(r, 1);
+    rsetmoney(findregion(1, 0), 0);
+    i_silver = it_find("money");
+    assert(i_silver);
+    i_change(&u->items, i_silver, 5000);
+
+    set_param(&global.parameters, "rules.monsters.attack_chance", "0.00001");
+
+    plan_monsters(f2);
+
+    CuAssertPtrNotNull(tc, find_order("ATTACKIERE 1", m));
+    CuAssertPtrNotNull(tc, find_order("PLUENDERE", m));
+    test_cleanup();
+}
+
+static void test_dragon_moves(CuTest * tc)
+{
+    faction *f, *f2;
+    region *r;
+    unit *u, *m;
+
+    create_monsters(&f, &f2, &r, &u, &m);
+    rsetpeasants(r, 0);
+    rsetmoney(r, 0);
+    rsetmoney(findregion(1, 0), 1000);
+
+    set_level(m, SK_WEAPONLESS, 10);
+    set_param(&global.parameters, "rules.monsters.attack_chance", ".0");
+    plan_monsters(f2);
+
+    CuAssertPtrNotNull(tc, find_order("NACH O", m));
+    test_cleanup();
+}
+
+static void test_monsters_learn_exp(CuTest * tc)
+{
+    faction *f, *f2;
+    region *r;
+    unit *u, *m;
+    skill* sk;
+
+    create_monsters(&f, &f2, &r, &u, &m);
+    set_param(&global.parameters, "study.from_use", "1");
+
+    u_setrace(u, u_race(m));
+    produceexp(u, SK_MELEE, u->number);
+    sk = unit_skill(u, SK_MELEE);
+    CuAssertTrue(tc, !sk);
+
+    produceexp(m, SK_MELEE, u->number);
+    sk = unit_skill(m, SK_MELEE);
+    CuAssertTrue(tc, sk && (sk->level > 0 || (sk->level == 0 && sk->weeks > 0)));
+
+    test_cleanup();
+}
+
+CuSuite *get_monsters_suite(void)
+{
+    CuSuite *suite = CuSuiteNew();
+    SUITE_ADD_TEST(suite, test_monsters_attack);
+    SUITE_ADD_TEST(suite, test_monsters_attack_ocean);
+    DISABLE_TEST(suite, test_seaserpent_piracy);
+    DISABLE_TEST(suite, test_monsters_waiting);
+    SUITE_ADD_TEST(suite, test_monsters_attack_not);
+    SUITE_ADD_TEST(suite, test_dragon_attacks_the_rich);
+    DISABLE_TEST(suite, test_dragon_moves);
+    DISABLE_TEST(suite, test_monsters_learn_exp);
+    return suite;
+}
diff --git a/src/test_eressea.c b/src/test_eressea.c
index c04764992..da4f6e8d8 100644
--- a/src/test_eressea.c
+++ b/src/test_eressea.c
@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ int RunAllTests(int argc, char *argv[])
     ADD_SUITE(give);
     ADD_SUITE(laws);
     ADD_SUITE(market);
+    ADD_SUITE(monsters);
     ADD_SUITE(move);
     ADD_SUITE(piracy);
     ADD_SUITE(stealth);