diff --git a/src/common/gamecode/study.c b/src/common/gamecode/study.c
index d3f25e1a6..b333c6bdb 100644
--- a/src/common/gamecode/study.c
+++ b/src/common/gamecode/study.c
@@ -140,6 +140,11 @@ teach_unit(unit * teacher, unit * student, int teaching, skill_t sk, boolean rep
 	 * n ist die Anzahl zusätzlich gelernter Tage. n darf max. die Differenz
 	 * von schon gelernten Tagen zum max(30 Tage pro Mann) betragen. */
 
+	if (magic_lowskill(student)){
+		cmistake(teacher, teacher->thisorder, 274, MSG_EVENT);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 #ifdef RANDOMIZED_LEARNING
 	n = student->number * dice(2,30);
 #else
@@ -238,11 +243,6 @@ teach(region * r, unit * u)
 		return;
 	}
 
-	if (magic_lowskill(u2)){
-		cmistake(u, u->thisorder, 274, MSG_EVENT);
-		return;
-	}
-
 	teaching = u->number * 30 * TEACHNUMBER;
 
 	if ((i = get_effect(u, oldpotiontype[P_FOOL])) > 0) {	/* Trank "Dumpfbackenbrot" */
diff --git a/src/common/kernel/magic.c b/src/common/kernel/magic.c
index 05525a361..644c142f7 100644
--- a/src/common/kernel/magic.c
+++ b/src/common/kernel/magic.c
@@ -1930,7 +1930,7 @@ spellparameter *
 add_spellparameter(region *target_r, unit *u, const char *syntax,
 		char *s, int skip)
 {
-	int i = 0;
+	int i = 1;
 	int c = 0;
 	int l = 0;
 	char *tbuf, *token;
@@ -1970,7 +1970,7 @@ add_spellparameter(region *target_r, unit *u, const char *syntax,
 	strcpy(tbuf, s);
 	token = strtok (tbuf, " ");
 	while(token && syntax[c] != 0) {
-		if (i >= skip) {
+		if (i > skip) {
 			if (syntax[c] == '+') {
 				/* das vorhergehende Element kommt ein oder mehrmals vor, wir
 				 * springen zum key zurück */
diff --git a/src/common/util/base36.c b/src/common/util/base36.c
index 1aa659da4..549454dc0 100644
--- a/src/common/util/base36.c
+++ b/src/common/util/base36.c
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 #include "base36.h"
 
 #include <stdlib.h>
+#include <assert.h>
 
 #ifdef HAVE_STRTOL
 int
@@ -36,7 +37,7 @@ int
 atoi36(const char * s)
 {
 	int i = 0;
-
+	assert(s);
 	if(!(*s)) return 0;
 
 	while(!isalnum((int)*s)) ++s;